| Partnership | Business structure in which two or more persons carry on a business together intending to make a profit. Each partner shares profits, losses, and management responsibilities, and may be personally liable for the firm’s debts |
| Legal Entity | Organisation recognised by law as having its own legal personality, separate from its owners, with the capacity to own property, enter contracts, and be liable for debts |
| Personal related Company | Company closely linked to one or a few individuals, where ownership, management, and control are typically exercised by the same people |
| Limited | Company where the shareholders’ liability for the company’s debts is limited to their capital contribution |
| Sole proprietorship | Business owned and operated by one individual who has full control and bears unlimited personal liability for all debts and obligations |
| Simple Partnership | Contractual relationship between two or more persons who combine resources to pursue a common purpose without forming a separate legal entity |
| General partnership | Partnership where all partners actively manage a business and are jointly and severally liable for its debts and obligations |
| Limited Partnership | Partnership consisting of at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is restricted to their investment |
| Corporation | Legal entity separate from its owners, established by registration, with its rights and obligations, where shareholders’ liability is limited to their contributions |
| Limited Liability Company | Company with a separate legal personality where members’ liability is limited to their capital contribution, combining features of partnerships and corporations |
| Cooperative | Company owned and controlled by its members who work together to meet common economic or social needs, sharing profits according to participation rather than capital |
| Association | Legal entity established for a non-profit purpose, whose own assets are liable for its debts, while members are not personally responsible |
| Foundation | Legal entity created by dedicating assets to a specific purpose, managed by an independent board, with liability limited to the foundation’s own property |
| Shareholder Agreement | Agreement among a company’s shareholders—sometimes only a subset—setting binding rules on their cooperation and governance of the company (e.g., management roles, decision-making, reserved matters) and on share transfers (including restrictions and rights of first option); shareholders who are not parties are not bound, and the company itself is never a party |
| Merger | Combination of two or more companies into one legal entity, where assets and liabilities are transferred to the surviving or newly formed company and the former entities cease to exist |
| Demerger | Legal process in which a company splits its business into two or more separate entities, transferring parts of its assets and liabilities to the new or existing companies |
| Transformation | Legal reorganisation in which a company changes its legal form into another type of entity while maintaining its identity, assets, and liabilities |
| Transfer of Assets | Legal transaction through which a company transfers part or all of its assets and liabilities to another entity |
