Novartis AG (probably derived from the Latin «nova ars» «new art») is a biotechnology and pharmaceutical company based in Basel, Switzerland. Novartis was created in 1996 from a merger of the two pharmaceutical and chemical companies Ciba-Geigy AG, Basel, Switzerland, and Sandoz AG, Basel, Switzerland.
Research the named companies on the platform of the Swiss commercial registers www.zefix.ch, explain what kind of merger is applied in this case and how it occurred based on your research.